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WorldWideWire
94 Via San Marco
Rancho Mirage
Califorrnia, 92270
Tel (760) 832-1798
Fax (760) 328-9830
info@WorldWideWire.com
Jonathan Trigiano - CEO
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Fluoropolymer Insulations
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These ratings are based on average performance of general purpose compounds. Any given property can usually be improved by the use of selective compounding.
|
| P = POOR |
G = GOOD |
F = FAIR |
| E = EXCELLENT |
O = OUTSTANDING |
|
FEP
TEFLON |
TEFZEL
(ETFE) |
TFE
TEFLON |
SOLEF/KYNAR
(PVDF)/PVF |
HALAR
(E-CTFE) |
|
| Oxidation Resistance |
O |
E |
O |
O |
O |
| Heat Resistance |
O |
E |
O |
O |
O |
| Oil Resistance |
O |
E |
E - O |
E |
O |
| Low Temperature Flexibility |
O |
E |
O |
F |
O |
| Weather, Sun Resistance |
O |
E |
O |
E - O |
O |
| Ozone Resistance |
E |
E |
O |
E |
E |
| Abrasion Resistance |
E |
E |
O |
E |
E |
| Electrical Properties |
E |
E |
E |
G - E |
E |
| Flame Resistance |
O |
G |
E |
E |
E - O |
| Nuclear Radiation Resistance |
P - G |
E |
P |
E |
E |
| Water Resistance |
E |
E |
E |
E |
E |
| Acid Resistance |
E |
E |
E |
G - E |
E |
| Alkali Resistance |
E |
E |
E |
E |
E |
Gasoline, Kerosene, Etc.
(Aliphatic Hydrocarbons) Resistance |
E |
E |
E |
E |
E |
Benzol, Toluol, Etc.
(Aromatic Hydrocarbons) Resistance |
E |
E |
E |
G - E |
E |
Degreaser Solvents
(Halogenated Hydrocarbons) Resistance |
E |
E |
E |
G |
E |
| Alcohol Resistance |
E |
E |
E |
E |
E |
| Underground Burial |
E |
E |
E |
E |
E |
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SUMMARY OF PROPERTIES - EXTRUDED FLUOROPOLYMERS
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| Description: Extruded fluoropolymers are designed for high temperature, harsh and tough environmental use. The table below lists the generally accepted summary of electrical, mechanical and thermal properties of the four fluoropolymer resins which are commonly used in the fabrication of tubing and unique wire insulations. |
| PROPERTIES |
RESINS |
| PTFE/TFE |
FEP |
PFA |
TEFZEL® |
ULTIMATE TENSILE
STRENGTH, PSI
(ASTM D638) |
2,500 - 4,000 (23°C)
1,500 (250°C) |
3,000 - 4,000
(23°C) |
4,000(23°C)
2,000 (250°C) |
6,500 - 7,000
(23°C) |
ULTIMATE
ELONGATION, %
(ASTM D368) |
225 - 450 (23°C)
350 (250°C) |
300 (23°C) |
300 (23°C)
510 (250°C) |
100 - 300 (23°C) |
COEFFICIENT
OF FRICTION
(DYNAMIC) |
0.10 |
0.25 |
0.20 |
0.40 |
FLEXURAL, MODULUS,
PSI X 10(3)
(ASTM D798) |
50 TO 90 (23°C)
4 (250°C) |
90 TO 105 (23°C) |
100 (23°C)
10 (250°C) |
200 (23°C) |
IMPACT STRENGTH
NOTCHED IZOD, FT. LB/IN.
(ASTM D256) |
3 (23°C)
>6 (77°C)
1.5 (-79°C) |
No Break (23°C)
2.9 (-54°C) |
No Break (23°C) |
No Break (23°C)
2.9 (-54°C) |
CONTINOUS USE
TEMPERATURE (°C) |
260 |
204 |
Over 260 |
150 |
HEAT DEFLECTION TEMP
66 PSI, (°C)
(ASTM D648) |
122 |
70 |
74 |
104 |
SPECIFIC
GRAVITY
(ASTM D792) |
2.11 - 2.19 |
2.12 - 2.17 |
2.12 - 2.17 |
1.70 |
DIELECTRIC STRENGTH
(ASTM D149) SHORT TERM
VOLTS/MIL 10 MLS |
>1,400 |
>2,000 |
>2,000 |
>2,000 |
DIELECTRIC
CONSTANT
(ASTM D150) |
2.05 ± 0.05 from
10(2) to10(10)Hz |
2.1 from
10(2) to10(8)Hz |
2.1 from
10(2) to10(6)Hz |
2.6 from
10(2) to10(6)Hz |
| MELTING POINT (°C) |
327± 11 |
253 - 282 |
302 - 310 |
271 |
Tefzel® is a registered trademark of E.I. Du Pont Co.
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|
Insulation
Types
|
Advantages
|
Disadvantages
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|
FEP and PTFE
(Dupont™ Teflon)
|
- Excellent high
temperature properties. PTFE Teflon is preferred for solder applications.
FEP is preferred for jacket material.
- Non-flammable
- Good outgassing
characteristics
- Most flexible
of all insulations
- Good weatherability,
resists moisture absorption and atomic oxygen erosion
|
- Susceptible to
cold flow when stressed (bent) over tight radius or when laced too tightly.
- Degraded by solar
radiation above 5 x 105 RADS.
- FEP has poor cut
through resistance
- Heaviest insulation
|
|
ETFE
(Dupont™ Tefzel)
|
- Withstands physical
abuse during and after installation
- Good high and
low temperature properties
- High flex life
- Good outgassing
characteristics
- Fair cold flow
properties
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- Some ETFE insulations
fail flammability in a 30% oxygen environment
- Insulation tends
to soften at high temperature
- Degraded by gamma
radiation above 106 RADS
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Crosslinked ETFE
(Dupont™ Tefzel)
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- Higher strength
than normal ETFE
- Resistant to cold
flow and abrasion
- More resistant
to radiation effects
(to 5 x 107 RADS)
- Higher maximum
temperature than normal ETFE
- Tin Coating
= 150°C Max.
- Silver Coating
= 200°C Max.
- Good outgassing
characteristics
|
- Some ETFE insulations
fail flammability in a 30% oxygen environment
- Less flexible
than extruded ETFE
- More difficult
to work with than PTFE Teflon
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Aromatic Polyimide
(Dupont™ Kapton)
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- Lightest weight
wire insulation material. Commonly used with FEP or PTFE
Teflon to form layered insulation tapes
- Excellent physical
thermal and electric properties. Excellent cut-through resistance
and cold flow resistance
- Excellent radiation resistance (to 5 x 109 RADS)
- Good outgassing
characteristics
|
- Inflexibility
- difficult to strip.
- Absorbs moisture.
Degraded by atomic oxygen. Poor weatherability
- Prone to wet-arc
and dry-arc tracking from abrasions and cuts
- More difficult
to flex
- Not stable to
ultraviolet radiation
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Crosslinked
Polyalkene
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- Dual extrusion
which is fused by sintering. Combines excellent abrasion and cut
through resistance of Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF, PVF2-Penwalt
Corp. TM Kynar) with Polyolefin for greater flexibility and
improved heat resistance. Polyalkene is used mainly as a primary
insulation under an outer jacket such as crosslinked ETFE or crosslinked
PVDF/PVF2
- High dielectric
constant, used in high voltage applications
- PVDF has good
radiation resistance
(to 108 RADS)
- More resistant
to cold flow
- Good outgassing
characteristics
|
- Lower maximum
conductor temperature rating
- (135°C for
GSFC S-311-P-13)
- (150°C for
MIL-W-81044)
- Reduced flexibility
|
|
Silicon Rubber
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- Excellent flexibility
at low temperatures
- Excellent high
voltage corona resistance
- Good radiation
resistance (to 108 RADS)
- Good cold flow
resistance
|
- Poor cut through
resistance, mechanical toughness, and fluid resistance
- Must be processed
for outgassing control
- Flammable
- No standard silicon
rubber insulated wire or cable
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